Preventing water-hammer in pipes.



W. KIESER.

PREVENTING WATER HAMMER IN PIPES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 8. I910.

Patented 0ct.12,1915.

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WALTER KIESER, or BER-LIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRICCOMPANY,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PREVENTING mmaaiamam rirns.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented @ct. 12, 1 915.

Application filed December 8, 1910. Serial No. 598,203.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VVALTER KIESER, a citizen of Switzerland, residingat Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful ImprovementsinPreventing Water- Hammer in Pipes, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to the transmission of liquids through pipes, andits object is to prevent what is called water-hammer when a long columnof liquid moving through a pipe is suddenly checked, or when a pumpsupplying such pipe suddenly ceases to draw. The inertia of the liquidcauses it to continue its original course until ltSlIlllBI'r entmomentum is exhausted. This produces a vacuum between'the pump and theonward-nioving column of liquid, which vacu um gives rise to a violentrecoil of the water or other liquid when its forward movement ceases. Ithas been proposed to overcome this trouble by inter-posing anair-chamber in the pipe line to hold a supply of water which fills thevacuum when formed. But this scheme is not available when the pipe islong and the quantities of liquid are large or move with great velocity.In such cases the air-chamber must be extremely large and costly andcalls. for the expenditure of considerable energy to fill it when thepumping begins. I

My invention aims to avoid these objections by providing near the pump abranch pipe leading downward from the delivery pipe of the pump andterminating in a reservoir of liquid. In case the pump fails to act, orif for any other cause a vacuum is formed in the delivery pipe, theliquid in the reservoir will be drawn in to fill said vacuum.

The accompanying drawing shows an em bodiment of my invention insomewhat diagramm atic manner.

The pump 1 may be of any suitable construction, the one shown being ofthecentrigugal type driven by any suitable means, not shown. It drawsliquid, for instance water, from a cistern 2 and forces it through along pipe 3 to an elevated tank orstandpipe 4c, from which the water isdistributed through a pipe 5. Quite near the pump is a branch pipe 6leading downward from the pipe 3 into a reservoir 7, which, if desired,may be connected with the cistern 2 by a conduit 8. A check valve 9prevents the water delivered by the pump to the pipe 3 from escapinginto the reservoir. A check valve 10 in the pipe 3, preferably betweenthe pump and the branch pipe, prevents any backward flow of the water ifthe pump fails to operate. This valve also keeps the pipe 3 fromemptying itself when the pump is disconnected for repairs. A safetyvalve 11 on the branch pipe 6 insures the pipe 3 against too high apressure and also furnishes a means for draining said pipe when desired.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is,

l. The combination with a main pipe, of a pump for forcing liquidtherethrough, a branch pipe leading from the main pipe near the pump, areservoir arranged below the main pipe and to which said branch pipeleads, a check valvein the branch pipe, and a check valve in the mainpipe between the branch pipe and the pump.

2. The combination with a pump, of a main delivery pipe through whichliquid is forced by the pump, a reservoir arranged below the main pip e,a branch pipe leading downward from the main pipe adjacent the pump tothe reservoir, a check valve in the branch pipe that prevents flow fromthe main pipe into the reservoir, a check valve in the main pipe betweenthe branch pipe, and the pump that prevents flow toward the pump, and arelief valve connected to the branch pipe.

3. The combination with a pump having an inlet pipe and discharge pipe,of means for preventing water hammer in said discharge pipe comprising abranch pipe, a reservoir arranged below the discharge pipe into whichthe branch pipe leads, check valves in the discharge and branch pipes,and a safety valve on the branch pipe.

4. The combination of a main storage reservoir, a pump, a suction pipetherefor, a discharge main connecting the delivery side of the pump tothe main storage reservoir, a check valve in the discharge main whichprevents flow in the main toward the pump,

an auxiliary reservoir, a branch pipe leading my hand.

from the discharge main to the auxiliary reservoir, and a check valve insaid branch 5' pipe Which opens toward the discharge mam.

WALTER KIESER. Witnesses:

FRANZ SCHOERNER, V I-IERMANN HOLLE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. e

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto se

